United States - Wikipedia. For the landmass encompassing North and South America, see Americas. For other uses, see America (disambiguation), US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation). Coordinates: 4. 0. Algonquian, Cherokee, and Sioux are among many other official languages in Native- controlled lands throughout the country. Offers news, comment and features about the British arts scene with sections on books, films, music, theatre, art and architecture. Requires free registration. Our film critics on blockbusters, independents and everything in between. Slant Magazine's film section is your gateway to some of the web's most incisive and biting film criticism and features. Welcome to IMDb's most powerful title search. Using the options below you can combine a variety of the types of information we catalog to create extremely specific. ![]() Steven Spielberg, Producer: Saving Private Ryan. Undoubtedly one of the most influential film personalities in the history of film, Steven Spielberg is perhaps. ![]() French is a de facto, but unofficial, language in Maine and Louisiana, while New Mexico law grants Spanish a special status. Carolinian is also an official language in the Northern Mariana Islands. Not including Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, see Race and ethnicity in the United States for more information. Whether the United States or China is larger has been disputed. The figure given is from the U. S. Census and United Nations. The territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. Nine time zones are covered. The geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large- scale immigration from many other countries. The country's capital is Washington, D. C. The United States emerged from 1. British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies in the aftermath of the Seven Years' War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1. On July 4, 1. 77. Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War, delegates from the 1. Declaration of Independence. The war ended in 1. United States by Great Britain, and was the first successful war of independence against a European colonial empire. The first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1. The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 1. The United States emerged from World War II as a global superpower, the first country to develop nuclear weapons, the only country to use them in warfare, and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. ![]() It is a founding member of the Organization of American States (UAS) and various other Pan- American and international organisations. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1. United States as the world's sole superpower. It ranks highly in several measures of socioeconomic performance, including average wage. The United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technologicalinnovations. Joseph Reed, Moylan expressed his wish to carry the . Other common forms are the . Colloquial names are the . In addition, an abbreviation (e. USA) is sometimes used. The singular form is now standard; the plural form is retained in the idiom . Violence was not a significant factor in the overall decline among Native Americans, though conflict among themselves and with Europeans affected specific tribes and various colonial settlements. Europeans under the British explorer Captain James Cook arrived in the Hawaiian Islands in 1. In the early days of colonization, many European settlers were subject to food shortages, disease, and attacks from Native Americans. Native Americans were also often at war with neighboring tribes and allied with Europeans in their colonial wars. At the same time, however, many natives and settlers came to depend on each other. Settlers traded for food and animal pelts, natives for guns, ammunition and other European wares. European missionaries and others felt it was important to . The Spanish set up small settlements in New Mexico and Florida. France had several small settlements along the Mississippi River. Successful English settlement on the eastern coast of North America began with the Virginia Colony in 1. Jamestown and the Pilgrims'Plymouth Colony in 1. Early experiments in communal living failed until the introduction of private farm holdings. The continent's first elected legislative assembly, Virginia's House of Burgesses created in 1. Mayflower Compact, signed by the Pilgrims before disembarking, established precedents for the pattern of representative self- government and constitutionalism that would develop throughout the American colonies. Cash crops included tobacco, rice and wheat. Extraction industries grew up in furs, fishing and lumber. Manufacturers produced rum and ships, and by the late colonial period Americans were producing one- seventh of the world's iron supply. English colonists were supplemented by waves of Scotch- Irish and other groups. As coastal land grew more expensive freed indentured servants pushed further west. Relatively small Native American populations were eclipsed. Excluding the Native Americans, who were being conquered and displaced, those 1. Britain. Despite continuing new arrivals, the rate of natural increase was such that by the 1. Americans had been born overseas. Americans had developed an ideology of . They demanded their rights as Englishmen and . The British insisted on administering the empire through Parliament, and the conflict escalated into war. The fourth day of July is celebrated annually as Independence Day. In 1. 77. 7, the Articles of Confederation established a weak government that operated until 1. Nationalists led the Philadelphia Convention of 1. United States Constitution, ratified in state conventions in 1. The federal government was reorganized into three branches, on the principle of creating salutary checks and balances, in 1. George Washington, who had led the revolutionary army to victory, was the first president elected under the new constitution. The Bill of Rights, forbidding federal restriction of personal freedoms and guaranteeing a range of legal protections, was adopted in 1. In the North, it energized multiple social reform movements, including abolitionism. The Trail of Tears in the 1. Indian removal policy that resettled Indians into the west on Indian reservations. But with additional western territory and more free- soil states, tensions between slave and free states mounted with arguments over federalism and disposition of the territories, whether and how to expand or restrict slavery. The war remains the deadliest military conflict in American history, resulting in the deaths of approximately 6. Constitution: the Thirteenth Amendment prohibited slavery, the Fourteenth Amendment provided citizenship to the nearly four million African Americans who had been slaves. The war and its resolution led to a substantial increase in federal power. By the 1. 89. 0- 1. Jim Crow lawsdisenfranchised most blacks and some poor whites. Especially in the South and the West blacks, Indians, Chinese and Hispanics faced systemic discrimination, including racial segregation. The later invention of electric light and the telephone would also affect communication and urban life. Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines were ceded by Spain in the same year, following the Spanish. Tycoons like Cornelius Vanderbilt, John D. Rockefeller, and Andrew Carnegie led the nation's progess in railroad, petroleum, and steel industries. Banking became a major part of the economy, with J. P. Morgan playing a notable role. Edison and Tesla undertook the widespread distribution of electricity to industry, homes, and for street lightiing. Henry Ford revolutionized the automotive industry. The American economy boomed, becoming the world's largest, and the United States achieved great power status. In 1. 91. 9, President Woodrow Wilson took a leading diplomatic role at the Paris Peace Conference and advocated strongly for the U. S. However, the Senate refused to approve this, and did not ratify the Treaty of Versailles that established the League of Nations. After his election as president in 1. Franklin D. Roosevelt responded with the New Deal, which included the establishment of the Social Security system. On December 7, 1. Empire of Japan launched a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, prompting the United States to join the Allies against the Axis powers. Though the nation lost more than 4. As an Allied victory was won in Europe, a 1. San Francisco produced the United Nations Charter, which became active after the war. They dominated the military affairs of Europe, with the U. S. American troops fought communist Chinese and North Korean forces in the Korean War of 1. Construction of an Interstate Highway System transformed the nation's infrastructure over the following decades. Millions moved from farms and inner cities to large suburban housing developments. A combination of court decisions and legislation, culminating in the Civil Rights Act of 1. After his election in 1. President Ronald Reagan responded to economic stagnation with free- market oriented reforms. Following the collapse of d. The concept of Pax Americana, which had appeared in the post- World War II period, gained wide popularity as a term for the post- Cold War new world order. Contemporary history. After the Cold War, the 1. U. S. The goal of the agreement was to eliminate trade and investment barriers among the U. S., Canada, and Mexico by January 1, 2. Trade among the three partners has soared since NAFTA went into force. Alaska, separated from the contiguous United States by Canada, is the largest state at 6. Hawaii, occupying an archipelago in the central Pacific, southwest of North America, is 1. The populated territories of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and U. S. Virgin Islands together cover 9,1. The ranking varies depending on how two territories disputed by China and India are counted and how the total size of the United States is measured: calculations range from 3,6. The flat, fertile prairie of the Great Plains stretches to the west, interrupted by a highland region in the southeast. The lowest and highest points in the contiguous United States are in the state of California. The supervolcano underlying Yellowstone National Park in the Rockies is the continent's largest volcanic feature. To the east of the 1. Much of the Western mountains have an alpine climate.
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